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How to take best potato production?

Most recipes are prepared from potatoes in India like Aloo Paratha Aloo Sabzi and many more which make your dish delicious. The protein found in potatoes is much better than the serial protein. The organic protein found in potatoes, which is obtained by mixing potatoes and eggs, is not that much obtained by eating eggs alone, so potato has its own special importance from the point of view of taste, from the point of view of use and according to its biological properties too.

As we all know potato is known as a major crop. And it is widely cultivated in the whole world. The way its demand at national and international level we can make good income from it by doing cultivation of quality products. . If we do organic farming of potatoes then we can get a good return by cultivating potatoes.

Soil and climate: Loamy and sandy soil which is rich in organic matter is considered best for potato cultivation. Flat and fertile land with good drainage is considered best for potato cultivation, temperature is more important in potato cultivation.  Average temperature of 17 degree to 21 degree centigrade at the time of tuber formation is considered suitable for good yield of potato.

Farm preparation: In the last week of september after harvesting corn, mudua, agati paddy, etc., ploughed.  Plowing should be done five times, so that the field is prepared to a depth of 25 cm. Potato tubers sit more in light and well-covered soil. By after each plowing makes the soil both flat and friable and also conserves moisture in the field.

With the final plowing the yield increases significantly by giving 30 tons per hectare of rotted dung manure. To avoid the infestation of termites, linden should be mixed in the soil at the rate of 25 to 30 kg per hectare at the time of final departure.

Potatoes on Drip: Many people still confuse that how can they take potatoes fron drip. The main reason behind it they are doing soil turn due to tuber setting. They should not do any thing for this purpose. In drip method they can grow easily good quality potato crop in equal shape and 50 to 90% more yield.

Crop cycle: You should know that by cultivating potatoes in the same field every year the soil becomes home to insects and diseases. Therefore, by adopting proper crop rotation, the crop should be changed in the field. Potato generally gives good yield in two-cropped and three-cropped intensive farming system.

Varieties that take less time to prepare like Kufri Chandramukhi Kufri Kuber etc. have been found suitable in multi-cropping intensive cultivation. Some suitable crop rotations with potato are as follows

Corn potato wheat

Corn potato onion

Corn Potato Bhindi

Corn wheat moong

Some crops are also cultivated along with potatoes. Wheat crop can be grown successfully between two potato meadows. Improved varieties of potatoes: Kufri Chandramukhi to Kufri Kuber Kufri Bahar is the main among the improved varieties of potatoes. In all these, Kufri Chandramukhi proves to be more useful, in which it is ready in 80 to 90 days and gives good yield even in three crop and four crop farming.  

Kufri Bahar and Kufri Jyoti have been found to be good varieties for the middle crop, in which it matures well in 100 days. Kufri Sindoori has proved to be more beneficial from behind, it is a red potato and its yield is more than expected.

To get more yield it is necessary to do it at the right time when the maximum and minimum temperature is between 30 degree centigrade and 18 degree. Then potato can be sown from mid-October to mid-November. In addition to cow dung, chemical fertilizers are also needed in potato cultivation.

Nitrogen, phosphorus and potash fertilizers are more important in this, nitrogen is required, for this two and a half quintals of urea or 5 to 6 quintals of ammonium sulphate should be given. It is best to give half of the nitrogen at the time of sowing and the remaining half at the time of soil planting, 5-6 quintals of single super phosphate and about one and a half quintals of murate of potash per hectare should be given.

Time of sowing: For successful farming good quality seeds should be used. For this seed should be purchased from a knowledgeable institution or agency. The seeds have to be fully germinated before sowing. Seed tubers with full germination grow quickly and tubers rot less in the field He should be treated for a minute.

After drying the seeds in the shade, they should be kept in the field, due to which the seed tubers rot less and they get rid of soil diseases.

Seed rate of potato depends on the size of the seed tuber of large size takes more but yield is higher.  Therefore, only medium sized seed tubers should be used, by planting 40 to 50 grams of seed size, 40 to 50 quintals in one hectare and 25 to 30 grams of small size, 25 to 30 quintals of seed is required.

After preparing the field well a light bed is made for sowing at a distance of 50 cm after giving the  the mixture of chemicals & manures.  It is mixed well in the soil sowing is done in the beds at a distance of 20 cm. A drain is made in the middle through which irrigation is done.

If you are going with drip irrigation you must go with paired rowed sowing in a raised bed. Main benefits in drip method is approximate all the tubers will have same size and maximum numbers of roots will be added iin the root zone.

weeding and earthing

When the plants are both 25 to 30, then by embroidering in rows, the grass cover should be cleaned and the soil should be completed.

After hoeing, half the amount of nitrogen fertilizer should be sprinkled at a distance of 50 cm from the root and applied to the soil.

Roots and shoulders of potatoes should not be uncovered at any stage because exposed potatoes inside turn green on exposure to light and are not edible, open potatoes should be covered with soil in between

Prevention of insects and diseases:

Crops get ruined if pests and diseases are not controlled on time. Lahi worm is more harmful for potato crop.  This worm sucks the sap of the plants and the leaves start turning downwards.

To protect from these insects  spraying should be done at an interval of 15 to 30 days after dissolving 1% rogue or Mitasystox.In diseases of potato scorch disease causes more damage to the crop. Two to three sprays indophil M-45 of  of 0.2% solution of at 15 days interval.

Crop protection from frost:

Often the crop has more effect of frost if the crop is grown till January then there is no effect of frost on it. The crop should be irrigated due to the fear of extreme cold in the months of December and January the effect of frost is reduced if the ground is wet. By this method you can protect your crop from froast.

Harvesting and Classification of Crop: Harvesting should be done when the leaves of potato plants start turning yellow.   Irrigation should be stopped 2 weeks before harvesting and the crop should be removed before the temperature rises. After drying  the potato tubers should be spread in the shed house and kept for a few days so that the skin becomes hard, after which the potato tubers should be classified according to the use.

Tubers having size above 50 grams and less than 20 grams should be sent to cold store house or used for food and potato tubers between 20 and 50 grams should be filled in 50 kg sacks and stored to increase the rate in summer. It should be delivered to the store house and this potato should be treated for the seed.