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Barseem Farming Complete Information Guide For Beginners

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Barseem Farming Information Guide For Beginners.

 Berseem is the best crop for green fodder. It is very nutritious for animals. It also has better taste than other fodder crops. This is the reason why animals eat it with great fervor. Barseem grows quickly and its farming also increases the aeration & water holding capacity of the soil. Therefore by farming of Berseem farmers can earn more profit in less time with abundant of fertlilizig capacity for the soil.

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Importance of Green Fodder:

Barseem is an excellent source of nutritious fodder during the winter season. It has low fiber content and average protein content of 20-22%. The digestibility of its fodder is 70-75 percent. Apart from this, calcium and phosphorus are also found in large quantities in it, due to which there is less need to give separate cakes and grains to milch animals.

Various types of medicinal properties are found in green fodder, which provides protection from various types of diseases in animals. Various nutrients such as carbohydrates, proteins, vitamins and minerals are found in abundance in green fodder.

Feeding green fodder to the animals increases the blood circulation of the animals.

Carotene is found in abundance in green fodder. Which is a source of Vitamin A. It relieves the disease of blindness in animals. The skin of animals becomes soft and smooth by feeding green fodder. Green fodder is digestible as well as tasty, which increases the digestibility of animals. By feeding green fodder, the animal starts coming in heat in time and the ability to conceive increases. By feeding green fodder, the quantity of milk increases in the milking animals.

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Berseem crop is grown as green fodder for livestock. Berseem is a nutritious food for animals. The digestibility of dry matter in Berseem plants is up to 70% and protein content of up to 21% is also found in it. Because of which, by consuming Berseem, the animals remain absolutely healthy and along with increasing their working capacity, the ability to produce milk also increases. Its plant looks like fenugreek, which is about two feet above the ground, in which yellow and white flowers emerge.

Berseem is a very popular fodder for livestock as it is very nutritious and tasty. In addition it Along with improving the saline and alkaline soil, it also increases the fertility of the land. It provides green fodder throughout the winter time of the year and till the beginning of summer.

In the animal husbandry business, green fodder is of special importance to get more milk production from the animals. About 70 percent is spent on animal feed and more profit can be earned by reducing this expenditure by growing green fodder.

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Farm selection for Barseem Farming

For good crop of Berseem, choose irrigated field whose soil is heavy loamy and with high water holding capacity and which has good drainage facility. Berseem can be grown in alkaline soil but the pH value of the soil should be less than 8. Keep in mind that acidic soil is not suitable for Berseem.

How to prepare your farm?

It is usually cultivated after Kharif crop. For this, once or twice the soil should be plowed deeply with a turning plow so that the soil becomes soft. After this, by running three or four harrows, level the field in the field so that the field becomes level and irrigation is also facilitated.

Berseem is cultivated in several crop rotations. Along with grain crops, its crop-cycle is as follows.

  • Maize (grain)-Barseem-Maize (for fodder) (one year old)
  • Jowar – Barseem – Maize (grain) + Cowpea (for fodder) (one year old)
  • Maize (grain) – Barseem – Moong (one year old)
  • Paddy-Barseem (one year)
  • Jute-Barseem (one year)

Read More: Why to do crop rotation in organic farming?

Suitable crop rotation with only fodder crops is as follows-

  • Napier Grass+Barseem (One Year)
  • Jowar-Barseem-Makkah (One Year)
  • Sudan Grass – Barseem + Cowpea (One Year)
  • Guinea Grass+Barseem (One Year)

Improved Verities of Barseem

Pusa Joint

The specialty of this variety is that it has four to five leaves coming out from the same place. Its flowers are of large size. This variety is able to tolerate extreme cold and frost. In addition to these varieties JB 1, BL-2, BL-22. T0-678, T0-724 and T0-560 are prominent.

Improved varieties give higher yields than local varieties.

Choose the following varieties of Berseem to get more and faster feed:

Read More: How to do intercropping in Organic Farming?

Mescavi

It is such a variety that can be grown successfully in all areas. Its plants are bushy and upright growing and its stems are soft. It also has a yield potential of 800-1000 quintals per hectare.

Vardan (S-99-1)

This variety has been developed mainly for the northern states of the country. It bears fruit in 150-160 days and 4-5 cuttings can be taken from it. Its yield potential is 800-1000 quintals per hectare.

The best time for sowing is from the last week of September to the middle of October. With late sowing, one or two cuttings are less in the crop and the yield of fodder per harvest also decreases. Therefore, our farmer should sow the crop on time.

Seed quantity

25-30 kg seed per hectare is required for sowing of Berseem. Seeds of indigenous or Mescavi variety are small, so 25 kg per hectare is sufficient. Large and thick varieties like BL-22 or JBH-146 require 25-30 kg of seed for sowing.

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Seed treatment

For abundant yield of Berseem fodder, it is necessary to treat the seed with suitable Rhizobium culture before sowing. For this, a 10 percent solution of 250 grams of jaggery should be made in hot water, then after cooling the solution, mix the culture powder well. Sprinkle this mixture on 25-30 kg of seed and mix it well. The seeds should be soaked in water for 12-14 hours before this. Keep the bacteria treated seeds dry in the shade and sown within 24 hours, drying or keeping the treated seeds in the sun or hot environment kills the bacteria.

If the concerned culture is not available, then take the soil of the field where the Berseem was sown earlier, taking equal weight of the seed and mix it with the seed and sow it.

If certified seed of high quality is not available at the time of sowing, then local seeds have to be used in which “cassan seeds can be mixed.” To separate the seeds of “chisel” a solution of 10 percent salty water is mixed with a wide The pot is filled up to two thirds. Before sowing, the seeds are poured little by little on the surface of this solution.

The seeds of bursi, being heavy, settle at the bottom of the pot while the seeds of chicory float on the top surface of the solution. Remove them from the surface and throw them out and wash the Berseem seeds 2-3 times with clean water so that the germination salt does not have any bad effect.

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Sowing method

Sowing of Berseem is usually done by two methods –

In the field where varseem is to be sown, prepare well, prepare beds of appropriate size, fill them with 5 to 7 cm of water and sprinkle the seeds by stirring.

For sowing in dry field, it is necessary to have sufficient amount of moisture in the field and the soil should be brownish-brown. In this sprinkling method, for sowing the seeds in the field, keep in mind that the seed should not be more than one to one and a half cm deep. O2

Spacing:

20-25 cm distance between rows is sufficient for proper growth of plants. For row sowing, the seed is sown in rows by plough or seed drill.

Irrigation : Proper system of irrigation and drainage is necessary for the successful cultivation of Berseem. After sowing with water, give second light irrigation a few days after sowing. First irrigation after germination in dry sowing. After this, irrigation should be done at an interval of 12-15 days in winter and after March when the temperature rises at an interval of 10-15 days. Irrigation must be done after each harvesting of green fodder which is necessary for good growth and high yield.

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Crop protection

Often used for seed production. The major pests that damage the crop are semilooper, thrips, aphid and gram larva. To protect against semilooper, spray Endosulfon 35 EC and can be used for thrips, larva and aphid by making a solution of 0.05% methalion. Any herbicide or insecticide can be used. Feed Berseem to animals only after 15-20 days of use of any weed killer or insecticide. , Harvesting System and Yield

First harvesting can be taken between 50-55 days after sowing. Good yield is obtained by taking other cuttings at an interval of 30 to 35 days. It is necessary to cut the crop at a height of 5 to 7 cm from the ground surface to get more regrowth and production in the plants.

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Green fodder is available from the crop of Barseem from the end of November to April. This has often been observed. That the low yield is obtained during the first harvesting, but the highest yield is obtained at the time of second and third harvesting.

Do not irrigate the intermediate crop after flowering. Pollination and fertilization are adversely affected due to heat wave in May. If the seed is not produced in the crop, then more than the average per hectare, about 1000 kg of green fodder is obtained. If the crop is left for seed after February, then 3-4 quintal seeds and 500-600 quintal green fodder can be taken. Eating more Berseem causes panic in animals. Therefore, feed it by mixing it with dry fodder or first feed dry fodder then Berseem.


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